When the effective electron mass is much smaller than that of holes, the thermalization of holes has little influence on lowering the conversion efficiency. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3086447]“
“Objective. The objective of this project was to develop core competencies in pain assessment and management for prelicensure health professional education.
Such core pain competencies common to all prelicensure health professionals have not been previously reported.
Methods. An interprofessional executive committee led a consensus-building process to develop the core competencies. An in-depth literature review PF-6463922 chemical structure was conducted followed by engagement of an interprofessional Competency Advisory Committee to critique competencies through an iterative process. A 2-day summit was held so that consensus could be reached.
Results.
The consensus-derived competencies were categorized within four domains: multidimensional nature of pain, pain assessment and measurement, management of pain, and context of pain management. These domains address the fundamental concepts and complexity of pain; how pain is observed and assessed; collaborative approaches to treatment options; and application of competencies across the life span in the context of various settings, Tariquidar price populations, and care team models. A set of values and guiding principles are embedded within each domain.
Conclusions. These competencies can
serve as a foundation for developing, defining, and revising curricula and as a resource for the creation of learning activities VE-821 manufacturer across health professions designed to advance care that effectively responds to pain.”
“Effects of alpha-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherols at 0, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm on the oxidative stability of lard during storage in the dark at 55A degrees C for 7 days were studied by determining headspace oxygen content and peroxide value. The headspace oxygen content of the lard without tocopherol addition decreased from 21.1 to 14.4% and the peroxide value increased from 2.5 to 15.4 meq/kg lard for 7 days. The headspace oxygen depletion and the peroxide value of lard decreased by the addition of alpha-tocopherol at 50 ppm, but significantly increased at 250, 500, or 1,000 ppm. As the concentration of gamma-tocopherol or delta-tocopherol increased, the headspace oxygen depletion and the peroxide value decreased. alpha-Tocopherol at 250 ppm acted as a prooxidant in the autoxidation of lard. The concentrations of gamma- or delta-tocopherol to be applied to improve the autoxidative stability of lard may be 100-250 ppm.”
“We investigated the exchange-coupling fields of CoFe/Ru (t(Ru))/CoFe synthetic antiferromagnetic (SyAF) structures with a Ru underlayer and capping layer before and after annealing at 300 and 350 degrees C.