Anam Medical Center Objective: Benexate hydrochloride betadex (BHB) is used as anti-ulcer agent, which is thought to increase blood flow in the gastric mucosa. Palbociclib mouse However, the mechanism of pharmacological action that increases blood flow in a gastric mucosa by BHB is not certain. Also, BHB action of inflammation, which is closely related to tissue injury and ulcer healing, were not fully investigated. This study was performed to investigate BHB action of ulcer healing in rat by an enhancement of microcirculation mediated by nitric oxide (NO) and anti-inflammatory activity. Methods: Gastric mucosal injury rat

model was made by injecting 60% acetic acid solution into the stomach. After ulcer induction, rats were randomly allocated to one of the following 4 groups, water; BHB 1000 mg/kg; L-N-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME); BHB and L-NAME.

The rats were orogastrically gavaged with BHB or L-NAME for 5 days, and then sacrificed. We measured the area of gastric ulcers by planimetry and the expression of COX, cytokines, NO synthase (NOS) of stomach tissues by western blot analysis. Results: The size of ulcer lesions decreased in the group treated with BHB as compared with control group. The administration with L-NAME aggravated ethanol-induced mucosal injury. The iNOS and nNOS signals increased in gastric ulcerous mucosa treated with BHB. L-NAME administration significantly decreased the expressions of NOS compared to the control group. The degree of inhibited BMN 673 clinical trial eNOS and nNOS levels increased after 70 mg/kg L-NAME + 1000 mg/kg BHB administration. The level of COX-2, IL-1β and TNF-α was significantly decreased in BHB-treated group. Conclusion: These results suggest that BHB as anti-ulcer agent enhances microcirculation and reduces proinflammatory cytokines. BHB could be responsible for protection against acetic acid-induced gastric mucosal injury. Key Word(s): 1. Nitric oxide; 2. Benexate; 3. anti-ulcer agent;

4. cyclooxygenase; Presenting Author: OK-JAE LEE Additional Authors: CHANG-YOON HA, HYUN-JIN KIM Corresponding Author: OK-JAE LEE Affiliations: Gyeong National Meloxicam University School of Medicine Objective: Primary non-ampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma is a rare disease with a poorly defined natural history. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with primary duodenal adenocarcinoma and to identify its prognostic factors. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records of the patients with primary duodenal adenocarcinoma diagnosed at Gyeongsang National University Hospital from January 2000 to September 2012. The demographic and clinico-pathological variables were investigated, and survival with its related factors was analyzed. Results: A total of 22 patients with primary non-ampullary duodenal adenocarcinoma were diagnosed and managed during this period. The median age was 64 ± 15 years and 13 patients were male.