Case 1. A 71-year-old man presented with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed acute cerebellar infarction. Echocardiography showed a PFO and thrombotic material at the tip of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line in the superior vena cava (SVC) prolapsing into the right atrium (RA). Case 2. A 64-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease and PFO presented with brain MRI confirmed acute parietal lobe infarction. Three days prior to her stroke, she had thrombectomy and venoplasty of an arterio-venous (AV) dialysis graft followed by a post-thrombectomy fistulogram that showed persistent thrombotic

material at the venous site. PFO associated with large venous access site thrombosis was the most likely

mechanism of stroke in both cases. Local thrombosis at sites of large venous access may be an SRT1720 ic50 overlooked source of paradoxical embolism in patients with PFO as well as a preventable cause of stroke in critically ill patients. “
“The authors report a case of a posterior inferior cerebellar artery origin aneurysm causing brainstem compression and swallowing Pexidartinib datasheet difficulty. The patient had an ipsilateral microvascular decompression of cranial nerve VII for hemifacial spasm 27 years prior to the discovery of the aneurysm. The aneurysm was successfully treated endovascularly. A discussion of possible etiologies of the aneurysm’s formation is presented. “
“Cortical microinfarcts (CMIs) are detected as small foci restricted to the cerebral

cortex in autopsy brains. CMIs are thought to be caused by cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in the elderly and may be a risk for dementia. We aimed to visualize CMIs, which remain invisible on conventional MRI, using double inversion recovery (DIR) and 3-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) on 3-Tesla MRI. We prospectively performed DIR and 3D-FLAIR images in 70 subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD; n = 47), mild cognitive medchemexpress impairment (n = 14), AD with cerebrovascular disease (CVD; n = 3), vascular dementia (VaD; n = 2), CAA-associated intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH; n = 2) and one each of normal pressure hydrocephalus and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) was performed to detect cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). Nine subjects (five of AD and one each of AD with CVD, ICH, VaD, and DLB) had small intracortical high signal lesions on both DIR and 3D-FLAIR images. All the nine subjects accompanied multiple lobar CMBs. These intracortical lesions were located in close proximity to CMBs, and were suggested to be CMIs. DIR and 3D-FLAIR images may open a way to visualize CMIs. “
“Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are common congenital venous drainage anomalies.