It can therefore be hypothesized, that monitoring of both symptoms, clinical benefit parameters (as objective indicators of effect of management) and selected interventions may result in a quality of life benefit

for patients. There are several approaches pursued to bring patients’ experiences and wishes to the oncology routine care including collection of patients’ symptoms [20], palliative care needs [21], review of systems [22], Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical or general Lapatinib concerns and questions [23], immediately before the visits with physicians and/or nurses. These studies document the proof of concept, that such monitoring can be applied in clinical practice. Looking at the three elements, i.e. symptoms, clinical benefit and treatments, reveals selected documented effects. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Monitoring of patients’ symptoms alone increases professionals’ awareness, patient and caregiver’s satisfaction about communication, but rarely effectiveness of symptom management [24]. Monitoring of indicators of patients’ needs, such as declining physical function, distress, repeated hospitalizations, or pre-defined thresholds of symptoms alone will trigger “only” further assessment [14]. Monitoring of current treatments (e.g. pain medications) is only effective, or general concerns and questions

[23], immediately before the visits with physicians and/or nurses. These studies document the proof of concept that such monitoring Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical can be applied in clinical practice. Monitoring of patients’ Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical symptoms alone increases professionals’ awareness, patient and caregiver’s satisfaction about communication, but rarely effectiveness of symptom management [24]. The feasibility of self-assessments in patients with advanced, incurable cancer has been demonstrated for various symptom assessment instruments,

including the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) validated also in cancer outpatient clinics [25]. This study evaluates Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the effects of the E-MOSAIC intervention, a handheld computer-based assessment of patients’ symptoms, clinical benefit parameters and symptom management information, delivered real-time by the longitudinal monitoring sheet (LoMoS) to why oncologists treating patients with anticancer treatment for advanced cancer in palliative intention. Methods This study investigates the effect of E-MOSAIC delivered to oncologists on patient outcomes during a 6week treatment duration applying a cluster-randomized controlled design. Development of intervention tool Patients with incurable cancer have a high prevalence of symptoms, making it difficult to identify those symptoms essential for routine assessment. Therefore, we decided to select and group the most important symptoms and syndromes into clusters, aiming to maintain an adequate coverage of all important items. This approach should guide the treating physician in a replicable and structured way to monitor relevant (physical and psychological) symptoms and syndromes.