Luminescence was measured using a FLUOstar Optima luminometer (BM

Luminescence was measured using a FLUOstar Optima luminometer (BMG Labtech, Offenburg, Germany). All samples were measured in triplicate and all experiments were performed at least three times. Motility assay Freshly grown bacterial colonies were stabbed into motility agar (0.2% agar) plates. The plates were incubated face up at 37°C for 16 to 24 h, and motility was assessed find more by measuring the migration of bacteria through the agar by zone of growth. Results are expressed (in mm) as the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate colonies from 3 independent experiments. Acknowledgements We are indebted to Professor Mark Pallen and Sophie Mathews for helpful discussions and advice. We are also

grateful to Gad Frankel for the strain, ICC171. We gratefully acknowledge Ben Adler, Simon Harris and Paul Cullen at Monash University for their assistance with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF analysis. This work was supported by grants to ELH and RLF from the Australian Research Council and the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). LB was the recipient of a NHMRC Dora Lush Postgraduate Scholarship. SB was supported by an Australian CBL0137 purchase Research Council (ARC) Australian Research Fellowship. References 1. Robins-Browne RM: Traditional enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

of infantile diarrhea. Rev Infect Dis 1987, 9:28–53.PubMed 2. Nataro JP, Kaper JB: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin Microbiol Rev 1998, 11:142–201.PubMed 3. Goosney DL, Knoechel DG, Finlay BB: Enteropathogenic

E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella : masters of host cell cytoskeletal exploitation. Emerg Infect Dis 1999, 5:1–4.CrossRef 4. Frankel G, Phillips AD, Rosenshine I, Dougan G, Kaper JB, Knutton S: Enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli : more subversive elements. Mol Microbiol 1998, 30:911–921.CrossRefPubMed 5. Elliott SJ, Wainwright LE, McDaniel TK, Jarvis KG, Immune system Deng YK, Lai LC, McNamara BP, Donnenberg MS, Kaper JB: The complete sequence of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) from enteropathogenic Escherichia coli E2348/69. Mol Microbiol 1998, 28:1–4.CrossRefPubMed 6. Jerse AE, Yun J, Tall BD, Kaper JB: Genetic locus of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli necessary for the production of attaching and effacing lesions on tissue culture cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA 1990, 87:7839–7843.CrossRefPubMed 7. Tauschek M, Strugnell RA, Robins-Browne RM: Characterization and evidence of mobilisation of the LEE pathogenicity island of rabbit-specific strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol 2002, 44:1533–1550.CrossRefPubMed 8. Daniell S, Takahashi N, Wilson R, Friedberg D, Rosenshine I, Booy FP, Shaw R, Knutton S, Frankel G, Aizawa SI: The filamentous type III secretion translocon of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Cell Microbiol 2001, 3:865–871.CrossRefPubMed 9.

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