PSD determinations were performed together with physico-chemical and biological treatability studies. Leachate biodegradation was also evaluated by means of oxygen

uptake rate (OUR) profiles and experimental results were used for calibration of the adopted mathematical model.

RESULTS: The leachate was characterized by a COD content of 80 000 mg L(-1) in summer. PSD analysis showed a bimodal distribution with around 60% of the COD below 2 nm and 25% above 1600 nm. Chemical treatment by lime and alum provided limited AZD1390 purchase COD removal (30-35%). The extent of COD removal was higher than the particulate COD fraction above 1600 nm, it also occurred in the soluble range below 2 nmthrough adsorption. A modeling study indicated three major COD fractions that could be correlated with PSD analysis: readily signaling pathway biodegradable COD and slowly biodegradable COD in the soluble range and hydrolyzable COD fraction in the particulate range.

CONCLUSION: PSD-based COD fractionation adequately explained limitations of chemical treatment efficiency; it was also a reliable complement to the currently used respirometric tests for biodegradation, providing insight to the fate of different COD fractions included in the soluble range (<2 nm) and yielding concrete supporting information on the generation

of soluble residual microbial products. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry”
“A 4 year-old female patient was treated for persistent right-sided dacryocystitis and xerostomia. MRI was performed to screen for a dry syndrome; which resulted in the diagnosis of agenesis of the parotid and submandibular glands as well as lacrimal duct malformation. An MRI of each parent was normal. The mother’s history revealed 4 days of pyrexia during the 8th week of amenorrhea. This was an isolated case, with no family history, characterized by a febrile episode during pregnancy at the period of main salivary gland genesis. JNK-IN-8 in vitro Epigenetic mechanisms could be implicated. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Ichthyoses

are a group of genetic disorders with defective cornification, clinically characterized by scaling of the skin. Additionally, distinctive cutaneous inflammation can often be observed. For most of the patients these diseases lead to a significant restriction in quality of life. The diagnostic criteria include clinical and histological findings, often confirmed by specialized tests. Because many of the ichthyoses are extremely rare, their accurate diagnosis is often carried out in specialized centers. We summarize isolated vulgar and congenital ichthyoses both with and without associated symptoms and focus on the common genetic changes and their clinical phenotype. Specific therapies are still not available for most of these genetic disorders. The use of different topical agents (e. g.