Surely, simply supported plate deflects more than that of clamped when the same degeneration occurs. Therefore, promotion information it should be informed from the current finding that not only does a special attention need to be paid to the extent of interfacial imperfection, the boundary condition of the laminated composite structures is equally important since the bending behavior varies differently under these aspects.4. ConclusionA finite element formulation that integrates a virtually zero-thickness interface element is presented for studying the bending of composite laminate plates, in presence of diagonally perturbed interfacial degeneration.

Employing the current model, the interfacial bonding degeneration can be inflicted discretely at arbitrary locations with various degeneration areas and intensities, under different boundary conditions, in contrast to many existing a
Infrared thermography (IRT) is being used in an ever more broad number of application fields and for many different purposes; indeed, any process, which is temperature dependent, may benefit from the use of an infrared device. In other words, an infrared imaging device should be considered a precious ally to consult for diagnostics and preventative purposes, for the understanding of complex fluid dynamics phenomena, or for material characterization and procedures assessment which can help improve the design and fabrication of products. Infrared thermography may accompany the entire life of a product, since it may be used to control the manufacturing process, to nondestructively assess the final product integrity, and to monitor the component in-service.

The first use of infrared thermography, as a nondestructive testing technique, dates back to the beginning of the last century [1, 2], but it was only recently accepted amongst standardized techniques. Initially, IRT suffered from perplexities and incomprehension mainly because of difficulties in the interpretation of thermograms. It received renewed attention starting from the 1980s when the importance of heat transfer mechanisms [3, 4] in image interpretation was understood. Now, infrared thermography is a mature technique and is becoming ever more attractive in an ever more increasing number of application fields. This has also led to a proliferation of infrared devices, which differ in weight, dimensions, shape, performance, and costs, to fulfil desires of a multitude of users in a vast variety of applications [5].

In fact, an infrared imaging system can be now tailored for specific requirements and it can be advantageously exploited for process control and maintenance planning without production stops and with consequent money saving. Of course, complete exploitation GSK-3 of infrared thermography requires understanding of basic theory and application of standard procedures.