This recognition is a stimulus for the investigation of promising proteolytic enzyme variants, including cold-adapted proteases (and other enzymes), Quizartinib nmr for further therapeutic applications. Cold-adapted proteases, therefore, have a promising future as a distinct therapeutic class with diverse clinical applications. This is illustrated by their ability to catalyze biological processes more effectively than mesophilic analogs at lower temperatures, demonstrate good safety profiles, have efficacy

in topical applications

with a relatively localized effect, and be readily manufactured through recombinant production processes. As our understanding of their structure and function has broadened, proteases with greater efficacy and stability have BAY 73-4506 in vivo been produced while retaining high specificity constants, which provides a tantalizing insight into how they might be employed as therapeutics in the future. Applications in which proteases may hold promise in the future include the prevention of infection and disease, enhancing the management of peripheral artery disease and thrombosis, dermatology, and wound care. It is imperative that we continue investigating ways in which potent candidates such as cold-adapted proteases can offer competent alternatives to traditional pharmaceutical therapy, in particular when systemically active agents, such as antibiotics,

are used to treat local bacterial or viral infections. Therefore, the authors strongly propose the consideration of cold-adapted proteases as an emerging class of therapeutics for the treatment 4��8C of infectious diseases. Acknowledgments Editorial assistance in the preparation of this manuscript was provided by Matt Weitz, inScience Communications, Springer Healthcare. Support for this assistance was funded by Enzymatica AB. Dr Clarsund is the guarantor for this article, and takes responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole. Conflict of interest Both authors are employees of Enzymatica AB, as stated in their affiliations.