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variants) of the larynx: a comparative consideration with those of other sites. Oral Oncol 2004, 40: 668–672.CrossRefPubMed 20. Ferlito A, Rinaldo A: The spectrum of endocrinocarcinoma of the larynx. Oral Oncol 2005, 41: 878–883.CrossRefPubMed 21. Soga J: Gut-Pancreatic Endocarinomas – Endocrinocarcinomas: Carcinoids and their variant neoplasms. 3rd edition. Kokodo-Co. Ltd., find more Niigata; 2004. Competing interests The author has been retired from any institutional career for almost four years, and he has no competing interests of either a financial or a non-financial type in relation to this manuscript. Author’s information Recipient: (1) IRPC Eminent Scientist of the Year 2004: World Scientists Forum International Awards 3-MA price in Surgery and Surgical Pathology, 2004. (2) ENETS Life Achievement
Award and (3) IPSEN Oberndorfer Prize, at the 5th ENETS in Paris, 2008. IRPC: International Research Promoting Council. ENETS: European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society. IPSEN: Institut de Produits de Synthèse et d’Extraction Naturelle. Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase NET: Neuroendocrine Tumor/NEC: Neuroendocrine Carcinoma.”
“Background In 1990, Burke et al. [1] used a polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method to detect Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in a small group of gastric carcinoma cells that resembled cells of morphologically undifferentiated nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma. Subsequently, Shibata et al. [2], using in situ hybridization, demonstrated that EBV genomes were uniformly present in gastric carcinoma cells resembling lymphoepithelioma cells but were not present in reactive lymphoid infiltrate or normal mucosa.
In addition, Shibata and Weiss [3] reported that EBV involvement was detected not only in lymphoepithelioma-like gastric carcinoma but also in a subset of ordinary gastric carcinomas. During the past decade, the role of EBV in gastric carcinogenesis has been recognized as new evidences have continued to emerge [4–6]. EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) harbors distinct chromosomal aberrations and is characterized by a unique transcription pattern that resembles but is not identical to that of nasopharyngeal carcinomas [7, 8]. EBVaGC, compared with EBV-negative gastric carcinoma, shows distinct clinical features [9]. However, findings from studies in which various techniques were used to detect the presence of EBV in gastric cancer tissue have been highly controversial and conflicting.