CB, receptor stimulation by the potent CB1 receptor agonist, CP 55,940 transiently activated ERK 1/2. To determine if CB1 receptor desensitization or internalization was responsible for the transient nature of ERK1/2 this website activation, we evaluated ERKI/2 phosphorylation in HEK293 cells expressing a desensitization-deficient CB1 receptor (S426A/S430A CB1). Here, the duration of S426A/S430A CB1 receptor-mediated activation of ERKI/2 was markedly prolonged relative to wild-type receptors, and was dynamically reversed by SR141716A. Interestingly,

the S426A/S430A CB1 receptor was still able to recruit beta arrestin-2, a key mediator of receptor desensitization, to the cell surface following agonist activation. In contrast to a central role for Gemcitabine clinical trial desensitization, pharmacological and genetic approaches suggested CB1 receptor

internalization is dispensable in the transient activation of ERK1/2. This study indicates that the duration of ERK1/2 activation by CB1 receptors is regulated by receptor desensitization and underscores the importance of G-protein uncoupling in the regulation of CB1 receptor signaling. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The Clinical Practice Council of the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) was charged with providing an updated consensus on guidelines for hospital privileges in vascular and endovascular surgery. One compelling reason to update these recommendations is that vascular surgery as a specialty has continued to evolve with a significant shift towards endovascular therapies. The Society for Vascular Surgery is making the following four recommendations concerning guidelines for hospital privileges for vascular and endovascular surgery. First, anyone applying for new hospital privileges to perform vascular surgery should have completed an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical-accredited vascular surgery residency BCKDHB and should obtain American Board of Surgery certification in vascular surgery within 3 years of completion of their training. Second, we reaffirm

and provide updated recommendations concerning previous established guidelines for peripheral endovascular procedures, thoracic and abdominal aortic endograft replacements, and carotid artery balloon angioplasty and stenting for trainees and already credentialed physicians who are adding these new procedures to their hospital credentials. Third, we endorse the Residency Review Committee for Surgery recommendations regarding open and endovascular cases during vascular residency training. Fourth, we endorse the Inter-societal Commission for Accreditation of Vascular Laboratories (ICAVL) recommendations for noninvasive vascular laboratory interpretations and examinations to become a registered physician in vascular interpretation (RPVI) or a registered vascular technologist (RVT).