The aim of this study is to determine the Th I and Th2 cytokine and chemokine profiles in serum and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in lung transplant recipients and to assess their usefulness as biomarkers to predict the development of BUS.
METHODS: Serum and EBC from 10 patients with BUS (BOS(POS)) and 10 patients without BOS (BOS(neg)), matched for clinical and demographic variables, were analyzed with a multiplex immunoassay to measure a panel of 27 cytokines and chemokines.
RESULTS: The pro-inflammatory selleckchem cytokines in serum were elevated in lung transplant recipients compared with controls. BOS(pos) patients had
significantly lower concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared with BOS(neg) patients. The concentration of IL-5, however, was significantly higher in BOS(pos) patients. Levels of IL-4 and IL-5 were hardly detectable in EBC. IL-13 and VEGF, both decreased in serum in BOS(pos) patients, were also decreased in EBC in BOS(pos) patients compared with BOS(neg) patients. Longitudinal analysis of cytokines and chemokines in serum and
EBC from the time of lung transplantation onwards did not reveal significant trends in cytokines and chemokines that preceded the diagnosis of BOS.
CONCLUSIONS: Levels of pro-inflammatory Stattic clinical trial cytokines were increased in lung transplant recipients compared with controls. From the moment of transplantation onwards, there is a different pattern of Th2 cytokines in serum in BOS(pos) patients than in BOS(neg) patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010;29:997-1008 (C) 2010 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. All rights reserved.”
“ErxY2-xSiO5 (x=0-2) MGCD0103 nmr films have been fabricated on Si(100) substrates by the sol-gel method. Enhanced Er3+ photoluminescence of
around 30 times for the ErxY2-xSiO5 (x=0.1) film was observed compared with pure Er2SiO5 film at the wavelength pump of 654 nm. Reduced upconversion effect and decreased nonradiative transient rate are two main reasons for the enhanced Er3+ luminescence in the new film of ErxY2-xSiO5. Above 10 dB optical gain can be achieved at the 1 mm length ErxY2-xSiO5 (x=0.1) waveguide under 30 mW pumping power, indicating it is sought candidate material for compact waveguide amplifiers and emitters in silicon photonics integration. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3446822]“
“Multiple infections have been linked with the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) post-lung transplantation. Lung allograft airway colonization by Aspergillus species is common among lung transplant recipients. We hypothesized that Aspergillus colonization may promote the development of BOS and may decrease survival post-lung transplantation. We reviewed all lung transplant recipients transplanted in our center between January 2000 and June 2006. Bronchoscopy was performed according to a surveillance protocol and when clinically indicated.