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“This paper addresses scheduling a set of jobs on a single machine for delivery in batches to one customer or to another machine for further processing. The problem is a natural extension of that of minimising the sum of weighted flow times, considering the possibility of delivering jobs in batches and

introducing batch delivery costs. The scheduling objective adopted is that of minimising the sum of weighted flow times and delivery costs. The extended problem arises in the context of coordination between machine scheduling and a distribution system in a supply chain network. Structural properties of the problem are investigated and used to devise a branch-and-bound solution method. For the special case, when the maximum number of batches is fixed, the branch-and-bound scheme provided

shows significant improvements over an existing dynamic-programming selleckchem algorithm. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose To describe a technique of vitreous base visualisation through trans-scleral illumination using a standard 25-gauge light probe. Methods All vitrectomies are performed using LY3039478 inhibitor 25-gauge+ instruments and valved trocars. A non-contact viewing system is used to visualise the retina. After core vitrectomy and the necessary additional procedures, triamcinolone acetonide (Kenacort) is injected in the vitreous cavity. Then, the standard 25-gauge light pipe is covered with a sleeve obtained from a 20-gauge venflon cannula. The light brightness is increased to 100%, and the light probe used Fedratinib cell line to indent the sclera and trans-illuminate the vitreous base. The vitreous cutter is activated between the crystals of triamcinolone acetonide and the retinal surface. Complete vitreous base shaving

is carried out for 360 degrees. Results latrogenic peripheral retinal tears, as a result of vitreous shaving, occurred in 4.1% of cases with this technique. Conclusions This method represents a valid and low-cost option to achieve accurate vitreous base shaving.”
“Background. Synthetic mesh can increase the risk of complications if it is placed directly over viscera or if the site is contaminated. Therefore, the use of bioprosthetic materials has increased rapidly. Neither synthetic nor bioprosthetic mesh is ideal for reconstructing infected complex abdominal wall defects. Our method using an autogenous pedicled demucosalized small intestinal sheet may be an alternative.\n\nMethods. Forty-one patients with infected, complex abdominal wall defects, with a mean defect size of 108 cm(2), underwent abdominal wall reconstruction using an autogenous, pedicled, demucosalized small intestinal sheet between January 1970 and December 2006 All patients had bowel and enterocutaneous fistulae in the defect.