Given its pivotal role in maintaining the rate of cell growth and division in the quiescent centre of the root, it was hypothesized that the AA-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana mutants vtc1-1,

vtc2-1, vtc3-1, and vtc4-1 have altered root growth. To test this hypothesis, root development was studied in the wild type and vtc mutants grown on Murashige Wnt signaling and Skoog medium. It was discovered, however, that only the vtc1-1 mutant has strongly retarded root growth, while the other vtc mutants exhibit a wild-type root phenotype. It is demonstrated that the short-root phenotype in vtc1-1 is independent of AA deficiency and oxidative stress. Instead, vtc1-1 is conditionally hypersensitive to ammonium (NH(4+)). To provide new insights into the mechanism of NH(4+) sensitivity in vtc1-1, BI-D1870 ic50 root development, NH(4+) content, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, glutamate dehydrogenase activity, and glutamine content were assessed in wild-type and vtc1-1 mutant plants grown in the presence and absence of high NH(4+) and the GS inhibitor MSO. Since VTC1 encodes a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase, an enzyme generating GDP-mannose for AA biosynthesis and protein N-glycosylation, it was also tested whether protein N-glycosylation is affected

in vtc1-1. Furthermore, since root development requires the action of a variety of hormones, it was investigated whether hormone homeostasis is linked to selleckchem NH(4+) sensitivity in vtc1-1. Our data suggest that NH(4+) hypersensitivity in vtc1-1

is caused by disturbed N-glycosylation and that it is associated with auxin and ethylene homeostasis and/or nitric oxide signalling.”
“Using PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing technology, we examined the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine MyoG gene with body measurement traits in 779 individuals of six native Chinese cattle breeds, namely Luxi, Luxi x Simmental crossbred, Nanyang, Xia’nan, Jiaxian red, and Qinchuan. A novel SNP, T314C, was detected. Allelic frequencies of MyoG-T/C in the six breeds were 0.8308/0.1692, 0.8774/0.1226, 0.8021/0.1979, 0.8209/0.1791, 0.8630/0.1370, 0.8044/0.1956, respectively. Least squares analysis revealed a significant (P < 0.05) association of the MyoG SNP with rump length in four breeds (Luxi, Xia’nan, Jiaxian red, and Qinchuan), with hucklebone width in three breeds (Luxi x Simmental crossbred, Nanyang and Xia’nan), with waist height in two breeds (Luxi x Simmental crossbred and Nanyang) and with body length in the Luxi breed. We conclude that the MyoG SNP has potential as a genetic marker for economically relevant body measurement traits in native Chinese cattle breeds.”
“Artificial superlattices (SLs) consisting of ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BT) and paraelectric BaZrO3 (BZ) have been growth by a pulsed laser deposition technique.

Mean forced expiratory volume in 1s was 52% (14%) of the predicted

value. Patients who maintained a lower level of PA had an increased rate of hospitalization (odds ratio 1.901; 95% confidence interval 1.090-3.317). After having had the highest level of PA, those patients who decreased their PA in the follow-up showed an increasing rate of hospitalizations (odds ratio 2.134; 95% confidence interval 1.146-3.977).

ConclusionsPatients 3-Methyladenine purchase with COPD with a low level of PA or who reduced their PA over time were more likely to experience a significant increase in the rate of hospitalization for eCOPD. Changes to a higher level of PA or maintaining a moderate or high level of PA over time, with a low intensity activity such as walking for at least 3-6km/day, could reduce the rate of

hospitalizations for eCOPD.

This study investigated if a change in physical activity had any influence on hospitalizations for COPD exacerbation. We found an association between the change in physical activity and hospitalizations, patients who increased or maintained a moderate level of physical activity had fewer hospitalizations for COPD exacerbation.”
“Background: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) improves exercise capacity and quality of life in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients. However, there is no evidence regarding the effectiveness of this treatment modality according to the severity of CHF. This study compares the effectiveness of FES on exercise capacity, endothelial function, neurohormonal status, and emotional stress in New York Heart Association (NYHA) III-IV versus NYHA II patients.

Methods selleck screening library and Results: Eighteen NYHA II and 13 age- and sex-matched NYHA III-IV patients with stable CHF (left ventricular

ejection fraction <35%) underwent a 6-week FES training program. Questionnaires addressing quality of life (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy learn more Questionnaire, functional and overall), and emotional stress (Zung self-rating depression scale, Beck Depression Inventory), as well as plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), 6-minute walking distance test (6MWT), and endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation [FMD]) were assessed at baseline and after completion of training protocol. 6MWT and plasma BNP improved significantly in 2 patient groups (both P < .001) after training program. The improvement of BNP was statistically greater in NYHA III-IV patients posttreatment than in those with NYHA II class (F = 315.342, P < .001). Similarly, the improvement of 6MWT was statistically greater in NYHA III-IV group than in NYHA 11 patients (F = 79.818, P < .001). Finally, an FES-induced greater improvement of FMD (F = 9.517, P = .004) and emotional stress scores was observed in NYHA III-IV patients in comparison to NYHA II patients. There was a higher proportion of NYHA patients adhering to the FES training program for additional 3 months compared with the NYHA II group of patients (76.9% vs. 55.6%, P < .001).

Multiple introductions of the same pathogen into a country are being ignored because researchers know fast-evolving plant viruses can accumulate substantial sequence divergence over time, even from a single selleck chemicals introduction. An increased use of phylogenetic methods in short-form publications could speed our understanding of these cryptic second introductions and aid in control of epidemics.”
“Introduction and objectives: Sprint Fidelis defibrillation leads are prone to early failure. Most of the reported series come from a single institution. This paper

describes the clinical experience in nine Spanish hospitals.

Methods: Clinical, implant, and follow-up data of all patients with a Sprint Fidelis lead were analyzed. All cases of lead failure were identified, medium-term lead survival was calculated, and possible predictors for lead failure were determined.

Results: In total, 378 leads in 376 patients were studied. The mean age (male 85.7%) was 64.9 +/- 13.6 years. The majority of patients (59.8%) had ischemic heart disease. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 33.4% +/- 14.5%. Left subclavian vein puncture was used in 74.8%. During a mean follow-up of 30.9 +/- 14 months, 16 lead failures have

occurred, with a lead survival of 96.1% at 36 months after implantation. Eleven of 16 lead failures were caused by failure of pace/sense conductors, 3 by defects in the high-voltage ALK inhibitor conductor, and 2 by defects in both types of conductors. A less depressed left ventricular ejection fraction was associated with an increased probability of lead failure (42.4% +/- 16% vs. 33% +/- 14.3%;

P=.011). Three hospitals presented a rate of lead failure higher than 10%; the rate was less than 5% in the remaining 6 hospitals.

Conclusions: In this multicenter series of 378 leads, the 3-year estimated survival was higher than that reported in prior series. Clinical presentation of lead failures was similar to that reported previously. Left ventricular ejection fraction and hospital of Selleck MAPK 抑制剂 implantation were variables associated to lead failure. (C) 2010 Sociedad Espanola de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S. L. All rights reserved.”
“Polymer blends typically are the most economical means to develop new resins for specific applications with the best cost/performance balance. In this paper, the mechanical properties, melting, glass transition, and crystallization behavoir of 80 phr polypropylene (PP) with varying weights of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) at 10, 20/20 wt % CaCO(3), 30, 40, and 50 phr were studied. A variety of physical properties such as tensile strength, impact strength, and flexural strength of these blends were evaluated.

“
“In the electrospinning of polymer nanofibers, an electrically driven jet of polymer solution travels to a grounded target to be collected. The morphology of the resulting nanofibers can be manipulated through process parameters, though little work

has been done to correlate electrospinning parameters with those of the free-jet flow of pure liquids. This is essential when the nanofibers hold entrained beaded structures indicative of jet breakup. The effects of applied voltage and solution concentration Selleck JNJ-64619178 on the fiber morphology of electrospun aqueous solutions of poly(ethylene oxide) were investigated. Solution concentrations of 4-8 wt % were used along with voltages https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Lapatinib-Ditosylate.html of 4.5-11 kV to produce nanofibers with and without entrained beads. It was determined that the calculated Weber number for each condition correlated

well with the resulting morphology. These results may suggest that Weber number may also be used to predict nanofibers morphology in the electrospinning of other polymer systems. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 880 885, 2011″
“Ethanol production from corn stover hemicellulosic hydrolysate was investigated using immobilized recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. Detoxification of hemicellulosic hydrolysate by roto-evaporation and lime neutralization was carried out to remove volatile fermentation inhibitors. Selleckchem I BET 762 All furfural and more than 50% acetic acid in the hydrolysate were removed, meanwhile the xylose concentration was enhanced to 71.8 g/L. The fermentability of the detoxified hydrolysate was significantly improved using immobilized cells of recombinant S. cerevisiae

by Ca-alginate. An ethanol concentration of 31.1 g/L and the corresponding ethanol yield on fermentable sugars of 0.406 g/g were obtained within 72 h in batch fermentation of the detoxified hydrolysate with immobilized cells. In addition, repeated batch fermentation of immobilized recombinant S. cerevisiae cells was attempted for ethanol production for 5 batches. The concentration of ethanol in each batch maintained above 30.1 g/L with the ethanol yield on fermentable sugars over 0.393 g/g. These results demonstrate the viability and significance of ethanol production from corn stover hemicellulosic hydrolysate. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The essential trace element selenium has long been considered to exhibit anti-diabetic and insulin-mimetic properties, but recent epidemiological studies indicated supranutritional selenium intake and high plasma selenium levels as possible risk factors for development of type 2 diabetes, pointing to adverse effects of selenium on carbohydrate metabolism in humans. However, increased plasma selenium levels might be both a consequence and a cause of diabetes.

018) in terms of OS, as assessed by the d-ROMs/BAP ratio, an arbitrary index

comprising derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) relative to a biologic antioxidant potential (BAP). Furthermore, children with KD had a significantly decreased d-ROMs/BAP ratio after IVIG (p = 0.011). Interestingly, the d-ROMs/BAP ratio decreased in 12 of 14 patients with KD who defervesced after IVIG, whereas all but one patient who did not defervesce showed an increase in this ratio. In conclusion, OS plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute KD. Because IVIG therapy relieves OS by augmenting BAP, an assessment of OS in the acute phase of KD may be useful for early recognition of the necessity to perform additional IVIG treatment. Further study to elucidate this point would be worthwhile.”
“In recent years, the cremation PLX3397 chemical structure ratio of cadavers has increased dramatically www.selleckchem.com/products/SRT1720.html in many countries. Crematories have been identified as Sources of various environmental Pollutants, being polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and mercury those raising most concern. In contrast to other incineration processes for which the number of studies on their toxic emissions is considerable, references related to PCDD/F and mercury emissions from crematories and their health risks are very limited. In this paper, the scientific information concerning these issues, using the databases

PubMed. Scopus and Scirus, is reviewed. Results show that in comparison with PCDD/F emissions from other sources, those corresponding to crematories are significantly lower, while those of mercury should not be underrated. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“We report the usefulness of the Szabo (anchor-wire) technique and two modifications of such based on the same concept for stent implantation in congenital heart lesions. The modifications of the original technique are related to the localization of the cell of the stent through which the anchor wire, which stops the stent advancement, is introduced: proximal in the original technique

and central or distal in the reported modifications. These techniques were performed in six Selleck Poziotinib patients: in two to maintain permeability of the ductus arteriosus, in three to achieve a fenestration of the interatrial septum, and in one to implant a stent in a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit close to the bifurcation. We describe the technique as well as the most important difficulties and complications encountered. The Szabo or anchor-wire technique concept is a new tool for stent implantation that can provide more accurate stent positioning compared with conventional angiographically guided implantation in different congenital heart defects. As with any new tool, this technique demands a learning curve and knowledge of potential complications.

Dr. Gary Monheit is a consultant and clinical investigator for Allergan, Galderma, Medicis, Merz Pharmaceuticals, and Revance Therapeutics. Funding for editorial support was provided by Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA. Writing and editorial assistance was provided by Paula G. Davis, PhD, of Health Learning Systems, Parsippany, NJ. The authors received research grant support from Allergan, Inc. for this study and for manuscript preparation.”
“This research compared delay discounting in mothers

and their children(12 or 13 years of age). Half of the mothers(n selleck kinase inhibitor = 15) were current smokers, and the other half (n = 15) reported never smoking. Considerable research has shown that adult smokers discount more by delay than nonsmokers, and that parent smoking is a risk factor for adolescent smoking. Thus, it was hypothesized that the mothers who smoked Would discount more by delay than the mothers who had never smoked. Also, it was expected that children at increased risk for smoking (i.e., mother is smoker) would discount more by delay than children at lower risk for smoking (i.e., mother is nonsmoker). The results PFTα chemical structure confirmed these hypotheses: mothers who smoked discounted significantly more than nonsmoking mothers: and, in a parallel fashion, children with mothers who smoked discounted significantly more than children of nonsmokers. These findings indicate

that delay discounting may be a behavioral risk factor for adolescent cigarette smoking that predates any substantial use of nicotine. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“BACKGROUND

Use of botulinum toxin for esthetic purposes has rapidly expanded over the last 20 years. IncobotulinumtoxinA, also known as NT 201, is a new botulinum toxin type A (150 kDa) that is free from complexing

proteins.

OBJECTIVES

A prospective, multicenter, randomized, rater- and patient-blind, international Phase III trial to investigate the noninferiority of incobotulinumtoxinA to see more another botulinum toxin type A, onabotulinumtoxinA, in the treatment of glabellar frown lines.

METHODS

A total of 381 patients were randomized in a 3:1 (incobotulinumtoxinA:onabotulinumtoxinA) ratio to receive 24 U incobotulinumtoxinA of or onabotulinumtoxinA. Efficacy end points included the percentage of responders (patients with an improvement of >= 1 point on a 4-point facial wrinkle scale) at maximum frown at weeks 4 and 12 as assessed by the investigators, and a panel of independent raters based on standardized digital photographs.

RESULTS

Four weeks after injection, response rates at maximum frown were 96.4% in the incobotulinumtoxinA group and 95.7% in the onabotulinumtoxinA group as assessed by independent raters. Analysis of the data confirmed the noninferiority of incobotulinumtoxinA. Response rates at rest were lower for both products. The rate of adverse events was low.

“
“Protein-protein

interactions (PPIs) and multi-protein complexes perform central roles in the cellular systems of all living organisms. In humans, disruptions of the normal patterns of PPIs and protein complexes 17-AAG clinical trial can be causative or indicative of a disease state. Recent developments in the biological applications of mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics have expanded the horizon for the application of systematic large-scale mapping of physical interactions to probe disease mechanisms. In this review, we examine the application of MS-based approaches for the experimental analysis of PPI networks and protein complexes, focusing on the different model systems (including human cells) used to study the molecular basis of common diseases such as

cancer, cardiomyopathies, diabetes, microbial infections, and genetic and neurodegenerative disorders.”
“Different melanocytic nevi have been reported as being associated with dermal cysts. Signet ring cell melanocytic nevus is a rare variant of melanocytic nevus characterized by cells with signet ring morphology within a common melanocytic nevus. This article describes an exceptional case of melanocytic nevus composed exclusively of signet ring cells over a trichilemmal cyst. Histologically, above the cyst, there was a small, symmetrical SHP099 chemical structure and sharply demarcated lesion showing a compound proliferation of small, round, monomorphous cells with signet ring morphology. Immunohistochemically, signet ring cells were negative for cytokeratin AE1/3, leukocyte common antigen, HMB-45, and CD34. Occasionally, isolated signet ring cells were positive for

S-100 and melan A. Melanocytic nevus composed of signet ring cells should raise the differential diagnosis with other cutaneous tumors exhibiting signet ring cells. Previous cases check details of this entity reported in the literature are also reviewed.”
“Purpose of review

To examine the occurrence and pathophysiology of vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), describe the epidemiology and clinical features, and provide a therapeutic perspective.

Recent findings

With improved control of RA over the past two decades, the risk of severe outcomes such as vasculitis may be decreasing, Rheumatoid vasculitis continues to be associated with longstanding, erosive, seropositive disease, and it has recently been shown to be more frequent among patients with antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides. Apart from circulating immune complexes, expansion of cytotoxic CD28(null) T cells and circulating proinflammatory cytokines also play a role in the pathogenesis. The role of agents directed against the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the occurrence and management of rheumatoid vasculitis remains unclear, as rheumatoid vasculitis may be both associated with and treated with anti-TNF agents, once it has appeared.

Results: The study showed a significant MBF increase from end-systole (ES) to end-diastole (ED) in both physiological states. Mean MBF over the cardiac cycle within the group was 5.5 +/- 0.6 mL g(-1) min(-1) at rest (MBFMin = 4.7 +/- 0.8 at ES and MBFMax = 6.5 +/- 0.6 mL g(-1) min(-1) at ED, P = 0.0007). Mean MBF

during adenosine-induced stress was 12.8 +/- 0.7mL g(-1) min(-1) (MBFMin = 11.7 +/- 1.0 at ES and MBFMax = 14.2 +/- 0.7 mL g(-1) min(-1) at ED, P = 0.0007). MBF percentage relative variations were significantly different with 27.2 +/- 9.3% at rest and 17.8 +/- 7.1% during adenosine stress (P = 0.014). The dynamic analysis also showed a time shift of peak MBF within the cardiac cycle during stress.

Conclusion: The cyclic change of myocardial perfusion was examined by mapping MBF with a steady-pulsed ASL approach. Dynamic MBF maps were obtained with high spatial and temporal resolution (6ms) demonstrating Target Selective Inhibitor Library cell assay the feasibility of non-invasively mapping cyclic myocardial perfusion variation at rest and during adenosine stress. In a pathological context, detailed assessment of coronary responses to infused vasodilators may give valuable complementary information on microvascular functional defects in disease

models.”
“The outstanding selectivity and sensitivity of specific comprehensive two-dimensional chromatography (C2DC) methodologies (particularly with mass-spectrometry detection) have made feasible trace (ppb level), and ultra-trace (ppt level and lower) analysis of target find more compounds, reducing the need for tedious sample-preparation processes.

The present review can be considered a continuation of a review published in 2004 [J. Chromatogr., buy PF-04929113 A 1054 (2004) 3]. Rather than an exhaustive description of the C2DC food applications since then, we provide detailed critical descriptions of significant changes and applications. (C) 2013 Elsevier

Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: Due to the fact that SLC26A4 has been suggested as the second cause of hearing loss (HL) in Iran as well as many other countries, obtaining more comprehensive information about SLC26A4 mutations can facilitate more efficient genetic services to the patients with hereditary hearing loss. This investigation aims to detect genetic cause of two Iranian families with hearing loss.

Methods: In the present study, genetic linkage analysis via 4 short tandem repeat markers linked to SLC26A4 was performed for two consanguineous families originating from Hormozgan and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari provinces of Iran, co-segregating autosomal recessive hearing loss and showed no GJB2 mutations in our preliminary investigation. For identification of mutations, DNA sequencing of SLC26A4 including all the 21 exons, exon-intron boundaries and the promoter was carried out.

Results: The results showed linkage to this gene in both families. After sequencing, two novel SLC26A4 mutations (c.

“
“Background: Although glenoid component failure is one of the most common complications of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, substantial evidence from the recent published literature is lacking regarding the temporal trend in the rate of this complication and the risk factors for its occurrence.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and

identified twenty-seven articles presenting data on glenoid component failure rates that met the inclusion criteria. These articles represented data from 3853 total shoulder arthroplasties performed from 1976 to 2007.

Results: Asymptomatic radiolucent lines ON-01910 research buy occurred at a rate of 7.3% per year after the primary shoulder replacement. Symptomatic glenoid loosening occurred at 1.2% per year, and surgical revision occurred at 0.8% per year. There was no significant evidence that the rate of R406 mw symptomatic loosening has diminished over time. Keeled components had greater rates of asymptomatic radiolucent lines compared with pegged components

in side-by-side comparison studies. However, as a result of wide variability in outcomes reporting, only sex, Walch class, and diagnosis were significantly associated with the risk of glenoid component failure in the overall analysis.

Conclusions: This is the first systematic review of the published evidence on glenoid component failure. Although the authors of individual articles proposed various risk factors for glenoid component failure, many of these relationships were not significant in the present study. A consistent methodological click here approach to future investigations is likely to improve the quality of the evidence on which patients, techniques,

and prostheses are selected for total shoulder arthroplasty.”
“Background : Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the thyroid and BRAF (V600E) is the most frequent genetic alteration in PTCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of BRAF mutation, especially in very small PTCs. Methods : We analyzed the presence of the BRAF mutation in PTCs in subgroups defined by tumor size (0.5 cm intervals). Results : Of 140 patients, 85 (60.7%) showed a BRAF mutation. The frequency of BRAF mutation in the subgroup was: 45/70 (64.3%) in tumors less than 0.5 cm in size, 18/28 (64.3%) in 0.6-1 cm tumors, 10/22 (45.5%) in 1.1-1.5 cm tumors, and 12/20 (60.0%) in 1.6-2 cm tumors. There was no statistically significant association between BRAF mutation and tumor size (p = 0.44). Similarly, BRAF mutation was not statistically related to age, sex, stage, perithyroidal extension or lymph node metastasis. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, tumor sizes larger than 0.5 cm were associated with lymph node metastasis (odds ratio, 3.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.81 to 7.91; p < 0.01). Conclusions : The BRAF mutation is not related to tumor size even in very small PTCs.

Although mechanisms to diversify innate immune genes are not clearly understood, a seemingly unlikely source for insight into innate immune diversification may be derived from the purple sea urchin, which has recently had its genome sequenced this website and annotated. Although there are many differences, some characteristics of the sea urchin make for a useful tool to understand the human immune system. The sea urchin is phylogenetically related to humans although, as a group, sea urchins are evolutionarily much older than mammals. Humans require both adaptive and

innate immune responses to survive immune challenges, whereas sea urchins only require innate immune functions. Genes that function in immunity tend to be members of families, and the sea urchin has several innate immune gene families. One of these is the Sp185/333 gene family with about 50 clustered members that encode a diverse array of putative immune response proteins. Understanding gene diversification in the Sp185/333 family in the sea urchin may illuminate new mechanisms of TH-302 Others inhibitor diversification that could apply to gene families that function in innate immunity in humans, such as the killer immunoglobulin-like

receptor genes.”
“Poly (styrene-n-butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate) (PSBM)/silica nanocomposite was prepared by emulsion polymerization in the presence of oleic acid surface modified nanosilica. The structure, morphology, size, and size distribution were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamics laser Verubecestat order scattering. The chemical bond was formed between PSBM and nanosilica

revealed by FTIR and TEM studies. The composite particles with an averaged diameter ranging from 30 to 80 nm have the core-shell structure. The effect of silica content on the glass transition temperature T(g), pyrolyze temperature, and rheological behavior of PSBM composites was systematically investigated. The results indicated that the addition of nanosilica could effectively inhibit chain movement, and improved the pyrolyze temperature of PSBM. The steady viscosity and dynamic modulus were strongly dependent on the content and distribution of nanosilica in PSBM nano-composites. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 3654-3661, 2011″
“The Tb60Ni30Al10 amorphous alloy was prepared by melt-spinning in the form of ribbons. Its magnetic behavior shows upon magnetization the occurrence of a spin glass to ferromagnetic and a paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transitions at 5 and 48 K. The magnetocaloric effects associated with these transitions were investigated. Large positive and negative magnetic entropy changes upon magnetization have been observed in a temperature range interesting for gas liquefaction. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.